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T cell receptor (TCR), from a xeno-reactive murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte clone AHIII12.2, recognizes murine H-2Db complexed with peptide p1027 (FAPGVFPYM), as well as human HLA-A2.1 complexed with peptide p1049 (ALWGFFPVL). A commonly proposed model (the molecular mimicry model) used to explain TCR cross-reactivity suggests that the molecular surfaces of the recognized complexes are similar in shape, charge, or both, in spite of the primary sequence differences. To examine the mechanism of xeno-reactivity of AHIII12.2, we have determined the crystal structures of A2/p1049 and Db/p1027 to 2.5 A and 2.8 A resolution, respectively. The crystal structures show that the TCR footprint regions of the two class I complexes are significantly different in shape and charge. We propose that rather than simple molecular mimicry, unpredictable arrays of common and differential contacts on the two class I complexes are used for their recognition by the same TCR.","bibjson":{"author":[{"initials":"R","lastname":"Zhao","name":"Zhao R"},{"initials":"DJ","lastname":"Loftus","name":"Loftus DJ"},{"initials":"E","lastname":"Appella","name":"Appella E"},{"initials":"EJ","lastname":"Collins","name":"Collins EJ"}],"identifier":[{"id":"10.1084/jem.189.2.359","type":"doi"},{"id":"9892618","type":"pubmed"}],"issue":["2"],"journal":{"iso_abbreviation":"J. Exp. 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