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mimicry is discussed as a possible mechanism that may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. It could also be involved in the differential association of the human major histocompatibility subtypes HLA-B(*)2705 and HLA-B(*)2709 with ankylosing spondylitis. These two subtypes differ only in residue 116 of the heavy chain (Asp in B(*)2705 and His in B(*)2709), but the reason for the differential disease association is not understood. Using x-ray crystallography, we show here that the viral peptide pLMP2 (RRRWRRLTV, derived from latent membrane protein 2 (residues 236-244) of Epstein-Barr virus) is presented by the B(*)2705 and B(*)2709 molecules in two drastically deviating conformations. Extensive structural similarity between pLMP2 and the self-peptide pVIPR (RRKWRRWHL, derived from vasoactive intestinal peptide type 1 receptor (residues 400-408)) is observed only when the peptides are presented by B(*)2705 because of a salt bridge between Arg(5) of both peptides and the subtype-specific heavy chain residue Asp(116). Combined with functional studies using pLMP2/pVIPR-cross-reactive cytotoxic T cell lines and clones, together with target cells presenting these peptides or a modified peptide analogue, our results reveal that a pathogen-derived peptide can exhibit major histocompatibility complex class I subtype-dependent, drastically distinct binding modes. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that molecular mimicry between pLMP2 and pVIPR in the HLA-B27 context is an allele-dependent property.","bibjson":{"author":[{"initials":"MT","lastname":"Fiorillo","name":"Fiorillo MT"},{"initials":"C","lastname":"R\ufffd\ufffdckert","name":"R\ufffd\ufffdckert C"},{"initials":"M","lastname":"H\ufffd\ufffdlsmeyer","name":"H\ufffd\ufffdlsmeyer M"},{"initials":"R","lastname":"Sorrentino","name":"Sorrentino R"},{"initials":"W","lastname":"Saenger","name":"Saenger W"},{"initials":"A","lastname":"Ziegler","name":"Ziegler A"},{"initials":"B","lastname":"Uchanska-Ziegler","name":"Uchanska-Ziegler B"}],"identifier":[{"id":"10.1074/jbc.m410807200","type":"doi"},{"id":"15537660","type":"pubmed"}],"issue":["4"],"journal":{"iso_abbreviation":"J. Biol. Chem.","name":""},"pages":["2962-71"],"title":"Allele-dependent similarity between viral and self-peptide presentation by HLA-B27 subtypes.","type":"article","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021925820763490","volume":["280"],"year":[2005]},"in_pmc":"N","in_pmce":"N","open_access":"N"},"resolution":"1.71","same_as":{"pdbe":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/1uxw"},"rcsb":{"url":"https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1uxw"}},"species":{"common_name":"Human","match_type":"histo:assign_species","scientific_name":"Homo sapiens","slug":"homo_sapiens"},"tcr":null,"title":"HLA-B*27:09 binding \"RRRWRRLTV\" at 1.71Å resolution","unique_chain_count":3}}