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mimicry of self-epitopes by viral antigens is one possible pathogenic mechanism underlying induction of autoimmunity. A self-epitope, mDBM, derived from mouse dopamine beta-mono-oxygenase (KALYDYAPI) sharing 44% sequence identity with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-derived immunodominant epitope gp33 (KAVYNFATC/M), has previously been identified as a cross-reactive self-ligand, presentation of which results in autoimmunity. A rat peptide homologue, rDBM (KALYNYAPI, 56% identity to gp33), which displayed similar properties to mDBM, has also been identified. We herein report the crystal structure of H-2Db.rDBM and a comparison with the crystal structures of the cross-reactive H-2Db.gp33 and non-cross-reactive H-2Db.gp33 (V3L) escape variant (KALYNFATM, 88% identity to gp33). Despite the large sequence disparity, rDBM and gp33 peptides are presented in nearly identical manners by H-2Db, with a striking juxtaposition of the central sections of both peptides from residues p3 to p7. The structural similarity provides H-2Db in complex with either a virus-derived or a dopamine beta-mono-oxygenase-derived peptide with a shared antigenic identity that conserves the positioning of the heavy chain and peptide residues that interact with the T cell receptor (TCR). This stands in contrast to the structure of H-2Db.gp33 (V3L), in which a single conserved mutation, also present in rDBM, induces large movements of both the peptide backbone and the side chains that interact with the TCR. The TCR-interacting surfaces of the H-2Db.rDBM and H-2Db.gp33 major histocompatibility complexes are very similar with regard to shape, topology, and charge distribution, providing a structural basis for CD8 T cell activation by molecular mimicry and potential subsequent development of autoreactivity.","bibjson":{"author":[{"initials":"T","lastname":"Sandalova","name":"Sandalova T"},{"initials":"J","lastname":"Micha\ufffd\ufffdlsson","name":"Micha\ufffd\ufffdlsson J"},{"initials":"RA","lastname":"Harris","name":"Harris RA"},{"initials":"J","lastname":"Odeberg","name":"Odeberg J"},{"initials":"G","lastname":"Schneider","name":"Schneider G"},{"initials":"K","lastname":"K\ufffd\ufffdrre","name":"K\ufffd\ufffdrre K"},{"initials":"A","lastname":"Achour","name":"Achour A"}],"identifier":[{"id":"10.1074/jbc.m500927200","type":"doi"},{"id":"15845547","type":"pubmed"}],"issue":["29"],"journal":{"iso_abbreviation":"J. Biol. Chem.","name":""},"pages":["27069-75"],"title":"A structural basis for CD8+ T cell-dependent recognition of non-homologous peptide ligands: implications for molecular mimicry in autoreactivity.","type":"article","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021925820567288","volume":["280"],"year":[2005]},"in_pmc":"N","in_pmce":"N","open_access":"N"},"resolution":"2.70","same_as":{"pdbe":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/1zhb"},"rcsb":{"url":"https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1zhb"}},"species":{"common_name":"Mouse","match_type":"histo:assign_species","scientific_name":"Mus musculus","slug":"mus_musculus"},"tcr":null,"title":"H2-Db binding \"KALYNYAPI\" at 2.70Å resolution","unique_chain_count":3}}