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immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection in domestic cats is the smallest usable natural model for lentiviral infection studies. FLA-E*01801 was applied to FIV AIDS vaccine research. We determined the crystal structure of FLA-E*01801 complexed with a peptide derived from FIV (gag positions 40 to 48; RMANVSTGR [RMA9]). The A pocket of the FLA-E*01801 complex plays a valuable restrictive role in peptide binding. Mutation experiments and circular-dichroism (CD) spectroscopy revealed that peptides with Asp at the first position (P1) could not bind to FLA-E*01801. The crystal structure and in vitro refolding of the mutant FLA-E*01801 complex demonstrated that Glu63 and Trp167 in the A pocket play important roles in restricting P1D. The B pocket of the FLA-E*01801 complex accommodates M/T/A/V/I/L/S residues, whereas the negatively charged F pocket prefers R/K residues. Based on the peptide binding motif, 125 FLA-E*01801-restricted FIV nonapeptides (San Diego isolate) were identified. Our results provide the structural basis for peptide presentation by the FLA-E*01801 molecule, especially A pocket restriction on peptide binding, and identify the potential cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope peptides of FIV presented by FLA-E*01801. These results will benefit both the reasonable design of FLA-E*01801-restricted CTL epitopes and the further development of the AIDS vaccine.IMPORTANCE Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a viral pathogen in cats, and this infection is the smallest usable natural model for lentivirus infection studies. To examine how FLA I presents FIV epitope peptides, we crystallized and solved the first classic feline major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecular structure. Surprisingly, pocket A restricts peptide binding. Trp167 blocks the left side of pocket A, causing P1D to conflict with Glu63 We also identified the FLA-E*01801 binding motif X (except D)-(M/T/A/V/I/L/S)-X-X-X-X-X-X-(R/K) based on structural and biochemical experiments. We identified 125 FLA-E*01801-restricted nonapeptides from FIV. These results are valuable for developing peptide-based FIV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines and for studying how MHC-I molecules present peptides.","bibjson":{"author":[{"initials":"R","lastname":"Liang","name":"Liang R"},{"initials":"Y","lastname":"Sun","name":"Sun Y"},{"initials":"Y","lastname":"Liu","name":"Liu Y"},{"initials":"J","lastname":"Wang","name":"Wang J"},{"initials":"Y","lastname":"Wu","name":"Wu Y"},{"initials":"Z","lastname":"Li","name":"Li Z"},{"initials":"L","lastname":"Ma","name":"Ma L"},{"initials":"N","lastname":"Zhang","name":"Zhang N"},{"initials":"L","lastname":"Zhang","name":"Zhang L"},{"initials":"X","lastname":"Wei","name":"Wei X"},{"initials":"Z","lastname":"Qu","name":"Qu Z"},{"initials":"N","lastname":"Zhang","name":"Zhang N"},{"initials":"C","lastname":"Xia","name":"Xia C"}],"identifier":[{"id":"10.1128/jvi.01631-17","type":"doi"},{"id":"29263258","type":"pubmed"}],"issue":["6"],"journal":{"iso_abbreviation":"J. Virol.","name":""},"pages":[null],"title":"Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (FLA-E*01801) Molecular Structure in Domestic Cats Demonstrates Species-Specific Characteristics in Presenting Viral Antigen Peptides.","type":"article","url":"https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JVI.01631-17","volume":["92"],"year":[2018]},"in_pmc":"N","in_pmce":"Y","open_access":"N"},"resolution":"2.90","same_as":{"pdbe":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/5xmm"},"rcsb":{"url":"https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5xmm"}},"species":{"common_name":"Domestic cat","match_type":"histo:assign_species","scientific_name":"Felis catus","slug":"felis_catus"},"tcr":null,"title":"FLA-E*01801 binding \"DMANVSTGR\" at 2.90Å resolution","unique_chain_count":3}}